A drug that is highly effective in treating many types of infection can, at present, be obtained only from the bark of the ibora, a tree that is quite rare in the wild. It takes the bark of 5,000 trees to make one kilogram of the drug. It follows, therefore, that continued production of the drug must inevitably lead to the ibora’s extinction.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously weakens the argument above?
Robot satellites relay important communications and identify weather patterns. Because the satellites can be repaired only in orbit, astronauts are needed to repair them. Without repairs, the satellites would eventually malfunction. Therefore, space flights carrying astronauts must continue.
Which of the following, if true, would most seriously weaken the argument above
我的思考过程：
1.看问题，削弱，无其他关键信息
2.找结论：space flights carrying astronauts must continue
3.将结论否定之：space flights carrying astronauts may not continue
4.逻辑链：satellites只能在轨道上修理不修就坏了à astronauts are neededà space flights carrying astronauts must continue
5.反推：space flights carrying astronauts may not continueà astronauts are not needed
6.找到最终需要反驳的源头了：astronauts are not needed，找个理由说明为什么astronaut不需要呗。
7.找答案↓
(A) Satellites falling from orbit because of malfunctions burn up in the atmosphere.
(B) Although satellites are indispensable in the identification of weather patterns, weather forecasters also make some use of computer projections to identify weather patterns.
(C) The government, responding to public pressure,has decided to cut the budget for space flights and put more money into social welfare programs.
(D) Repair of satellites requires heavy equipment, which adds to the amount of fuel needed to lift a spaceship carrying astronauts into orbit.
(E) Technical obsolescence of robot satellites makes repairing them more costly and less practical than sending new, improved satellites into orbit.作者: 飞飞鱼 时间: 2011-6-13 14:57
OG12第40题
In the last decade there has been a significant decrease in coffee consumption. During this same time, there has been increasing publicity about the adverse long-term effects on health of the caffeine in coffee. Therefore, the decrease in coffee consumption must have been caused by consumers’ awareness of the harmful effects of caffeine.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously calls into question the explanation above?
1.看问题，削弱，没有其他关键信息
2.找结论：the decrease in coffee consumption must have been caused by consumers’ awareness of the harmful effects of caffeine.
3.否定结论：the decrease in coffee consumption may not have been caused by consumers’ awareness of the harmful effects of caffeine.
4.逻辑链：increasing publicity about the adverse long-term effects on health of the caffeine in coffeeàconsumers’ awareness of the harmful effects of caffeineàdecrease in coffee consumption
5.反推，其实这一题不需要反推，很容易，甚至连逻辑链都不需要推，既然否定完结论后出现的结果是：the decrease in coffee consumption may not have been caused by consumers’ awareness of the harmful effects of caffeine，那就必然寻找他因了。找到别的原因说明the decrease in coffee consumption咯。
6.寻找他因↓
(A) On average, people consume 30 percent less coffee today than they did 10 years ago.
(B) Heavy coffee drinkers may have mild withdrawal symptoms, such as headaches, for a day or so after significantly decreasing their coffee consumption.
(C) Sales of specialty types of coffee have held steady as sales of regular brands have declined.
(D) The consumption of fruit juices and caffeine-free herbal teas has increased over the past decade.
(E)Coffee prices increased steadily in the past decade because of unusually severe frosts in coffee-growing nations.
GWD30-Q32
A major chemical spill occurred five years ago at Baker’s Beach, the world’s sole nesting ground for Merrick sea turtles, and prevented nearly all the eggs laid that year from hatching.Yet the number of adult female Merricks returning to lay their eggs at Baker’s Beach has actually increased somewhat since five years ago.Clearly, environmentalists’ prediction that the world’s Merrickpopulation would decline as a result of the spill has proven unfounded.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the argument offered in refutation of the environmentalists’ prediction?作者: 飞飞鱼 时间: 2011-6-13 14:58
A.The chemical spill five years ago occurred at a time when there were neither Merrick sea turtles nor Merrick sea turtle eggs on Baker’s Beach.
B.Female Merrick sea turtles begin returning to Baker’s Beach to lay their eggs when they are ten years old.
C.Under normal conditions, only a small proportion of hatchling female Merrick sea turtles survive in the ocean until adulthood and return to lay their eggs at Baker’s Beach.
D.Environmental pressures unrelated to the chemical spill have caused a significant decline in the population of one of the several species of sea birds that prey on Merrick sea turtle eggs.
E.After the chemical spill, an environmental group rejected a proposal to increase the Merrick sea turtle population by transferring eggs from Baker’s Beach to nearby beaches that had not been affected by the spill.
83. Journalist: In physics journals, the number of articles reporting the results of experiments involving particle accelerators was lower last year than it had been in previous years. Several of the particle accelerators at major research institutions were out of service the year before last for repairs, so it is likely that the low number of articles was due to the decline in availability of particle accelerators.
Which of the following, if true, most seriously undermines the journalist’s argument?
(A) Every article based on experiments with particle accelerators that was submitted for publication last year actually was published.
(B) The average time scientists must wait for access to a particle accelerator has declined
over the last several years.
(C) The number of physics journals was the same last year as in previous years.
(D) Particle accelerators can be used for more than one group of experiments in any given year.
(E) Recent changes in the editorial policies of several physics journals have decreased the likelihood that articles concerning particle accelerator research will be accepted for publication.
问题：
像这种题，如果 自动否定找到的结论，能不能是 so it is likely that the HIGH number of articles was... 我知道在这个题目里这么改不太合适，我的意思就是 自动否定结论的时候 能把题目中decrease 之类的词语改成相反的意思吗？
像这道题，B，D选项按照OG的解释都是会使articles增加的，那结论问的low no. of articles，是不是这样的事实是不能改变的？（因为我觉得如果题目里说low，选项里是high的话也算是削弱啊？）
