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标题: OG11-62 [打印本页]

作者: bloomers 时间: 2010-7-29 06:58 标题: OG11-62

During the Second World War, about 375,000 civilians died in the United States and about 408,000 members of the United States armed forces died overseas. On the basis of those figures, it can be concluded that it was not much more dangerous to be overseas in the armed forces during the Second World War than it was to stay at home as a civilian.

Which of the following would reveal most clearly the absurdity of the conclusion drawn above?

(A)
Counting deaths among members of the armed forces who served in the United States in addition to deaths among members of the armed forces serving overseas

(B)
Expressing the difference between the numbers of deaths among civilians and members of the armed forces as a percentage of the total number of deaths

(C)
Separating deaths caused by accidents during service in the armed forces from deaths caused by combat injuries

(D)
Comparing death rates per thousand members of each group rather than comparing total numbers of deaths

(E)
Comparing deaths caused by accidents in the United States to deaths caused by combat in the armed forces

实在不太明白OG的套路。我看了这个argument以后，第一反应就是国内外的死亡人数不可比，国外死的是士兵，国内死的是平民，这些死去的平民中很可能大部分都是其他原因死的，比如车祸，所以我觉得应该把国内的士兵的死亡人数与驻外士兵的死亡人数比较来分析危险性，然后就选了A，A为什么不能理解成计算出国内士兵的死亡人数与驻外士兵的死亡人数并作比较呢？

另外，C虽然比较的是死亡率，但平民的死亡人数中显然包括很多种原因，又不是只有战争引起的，怎么就能作为衡量危险的标准呢？

作者: sunny9653 时间: 2010-7-29 20:27

文章中没有提到国内的士兵哈：）想多了：）

感觉第一反应是国内外的死亡人数不可比完全正确，为什么不可比呢？因为基数根本不一样，国内一共多少人，士兵一共多少人哈。你想1亿人死亡375,000，和100万人死亡408,000，这两个怎么可比哈？ D说的正是此意。

这道题目让你Evaluate the conclusion, 涉及conclusion,assumption千万紧扣原文，不要发散：）

作者: painsper 时间: 2010-7-30 06:36

LZ确实想多了

原文是375,000 civilians died +408,000 members of the United States armed forces died overseas－－－＞这两帮人一样危险。注意这才是原文的argument

A可以理解为国内士兵和国外士兵不一样危险，他削弱的不是原文的argument

作者: bloomers 时间: 2010-7-30 20:29

多谢楼上两位，看来我错这题，第一就错在太相信自己的逻辑，看了题还没看选项就自己下了定论，觉得原文哪不对，导致接下来看选项就随便瞄一眼，看着跟自己想的沾点边的就选了。。。

另外像这种削弱结论的题，是不是结论中没有出现的主体（这道题中出现的是海外士兵和国内公民），但选项中出现了就可以直接视之为原文没提到从而排除？好像我已经几次错在这种ＯＧ中解释说没提到，但我觉得很有道理的选项上。。。

作者: IMARCUS 时间: 2010-7-31 07:25

但是D的说法是不是颠倒了？问题问得是：which would reveal most clearly the absurdity of the conclusion drawn above?

那么，它回答不是应该陈述错误Comparing total number of deaths rather than comparing death rates per thousand members of each group吗？

作者: rosswye 时间: 2010-8-1 07:47

问题不是让大家说哪错了，而是说"do"下面哪一个"action"能揭示出题目结论的荒唐。所以D答案比较了死亡率以后就能看出来结论是错的。

作者: IMARCUS 时间: 2010-8-1 20:24

明白了，谢谢

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