75. Salt deposits and moisture threaten to destroy the Mohenjo-Daro excavation in akistan, the site of an ancient civilization that flourished at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates.
(A) that flourished at the same time as the civilizations - ? - `
(B) that had flourished at the same time as had the civilizations
(C) that flourished at the same time those had
(D) flourishing at the same time as those did
(E) flourishing at the same time as those were
Verb form + Agreement gyp` t - .
The underlined portion of the sentence is a relative clause that describes an ancient civilization; the clause correctly uses the simple past tense, flourished, to describe civilizations that existed simultaneously.
A Correct. In this sentence, the relative clause correctly uses the simple past tense.
B Use of the past perfect, had flourished, is incorrect because it indicates a time prior to another action; the second had is redundant and unnecessary
白勇用法上讲过: 1、主从句主谓相同的,从句可以把主谓都省了,只保留介词短语;i
2、主从句中谓语相同的,从句谓语可以省,用do,did ,does等代替。请问 a选项as后怎么就没有动词呢?
3、主从句都使用助动词(have,has,had)或情态动词的,则从句往往省略动词,保留助动词和情态动词。那么为什么og说b选项的had是多余的呢?
比较从句的省略规则到底是怎么的啊?谢谢nn!
A选项:as后没有动词是因为比较点不在于flourish这个动作,而在于两个地方的文化,从句里省略了do,did,does并不会带来歧义。
从这点来讲,白勇的结论“主从句中谓语相同的,从句谓语可以省,用do,did ,does等代替”是不准确的,他的这条结论只有在不补出会存在歧义的时候才成立(通常比较主语的时候如果不补出谓语动词会产生前面主句的宾语跟后面从句主语进行比较的歧义等等,此题是例外,因为并没有宾语,所以肯定是主语与主语的对比)。
B选项中的had多余是因为,had flourished表达的是过去的过去
flourished 后面又接上了at the same time as the civilizations in the Nile delta and the river valleys of the Tigris and Euphrates....
1、逻辑意思上的矛盾:可以看出,两个不同地方的文明是在同一时间繁荣的,可是had flourished表达的是过去的过去,也就是说前面那个地方的文化比后面那个地方的文化更早地繁荣,而且在后面那个文化开始繁荣之前就已经不繁荣了。
2、语法上的矛盾:at the same time as这个时间状语的存在,谓语动词是不能用完成时态的。
1、对主谓宾全的句型主语比较:A do sth than B do.(AB为对等名词,加do是为了显示这是一个可以发出动作的名词,因而确定是主语,进而确定是主语对比)。时态要据后定。There be 句型等同于一般的主谓宾俱全的句型。主语若相同,可省,但助动词不能省。如:
As a result of the continuing decline in the birth rate, [fewer people] will enter the labor force [in the 1980’s] than (few people省略)did [in the 1960’s and 1970’s], a twenty-year period during which people born after the war swelled the ranks of workers.
2、对只有主谓(如果主语有定语成分,必须要that/those来指代),没有宾语的句子,因为没有宾语,只可能有主语比较,因而不需要重复do来确认这是一个可发出动作的主语,所以其比较形式如下:
I eat faster than you.注意与下句区别 I eat apple faster than you do 如果写成 I eat apple faster than you 按GMAC的理解,从语法上就变成我吃苹果比吃你快,成了宾语比较。逻辑上显然不通。
3、主系表结构的比较与主谓结构相同。如果时态不一致,则需补出助词,如:
The economy of Florida is more diversified than it was ten years ago
prep里的用法说明,lz可以参考下
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