17. The new image of Stone Age people as systematic hunters of large animals, rather than merely scavenging for meat, have emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including there wooden spears that archaeologists believe to be about 400,000 years old.

A. merely scavenging for meat, have emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including

C. as mere meat scavengers, has emerged from examining tools found in Germany that includes

D. mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, which includes

E. mere scavengers of meat, has emerged from the examination of tools found in Germany, including

答案是e，我同意

可是记得白勇语法上讲

“句子，ing分词”中，ing分词作状语，或者表伴随，或者表结果，似乎不记得可以做定语呀

请大家指教

没做定语啊，做了定语修饰那个词？

E很正确

简化后：The new image has emerged from the examination of tools found in

Germany, including there wooden spears that archaeologists believe to be

about 400,000 years old.

谢谢! 只是including不是tools 的定语吗？那他是什么成分呀？伴随结果好像

不是。。。。。。。。

谢谢! 只是including不是tools 的定语吗？那他是什么成分呀？伴随结果好像

不是。。。。。。。。

tools found in Germany, including

我觉得在这里ＥＳＴ似乎认同这样的修饰方式，就是两个成分同时修饰一个名词时，可以不用ＡＮＤ或其他连词连接，直接在两个修饰成分之间加逗号也可以表示并列修饰．如果including是现在分词，则是完美的方式，好像应该是tools found in Germany and including sth.；　但是如果不是现在分词，而是作为介词，我觉得用ＡＮＤ连接似乎也可以，但是好像前后有点不对称，前面是分词短语，后面是介词短语．

好像以前也有题是用逗号连接两个并列的修饰成分．不记得在哪里看到的！！