介词短语与从句修饰的区别

zhima427

A。The school board ruling mandates that physically handicapped students be placed in regular classroom settings whenever possible also assured all children who have a reading problem

B。Be placed in regular classroom settings whenever possible also assured children with reading problems.

答案是B，请问介词短语的修饰与从句修饰的区别是什么？谢谢。

coffeeqoo

我觉得有两点需要注意的：
1、主语同宾语的一致性问题。如这题，all [children] who have [a reading problem]，出现了明显的不一致，这也是可以经常排除错误选项的方法。
2、如果没有修饰歧义的情况下，介词短语要简洁。
个人认为，这是一个难点，介词短语修饰一定要保证没有歧义，尽量靠近修饰对象，以及介词短语本身的结构不是很复杂（即别复杂到还不如用从句来进行表达，也就是说，介词短语的意思如果传递了很复杂的意思或结构，则不如从句清晰）

zhima427

我觉得有两点需要注意的：
1、主语同宾语的一致性问题。如这题，all [children] who have [a reading prob ...
coffeeqoo 发表于 2012-9-3 21:11

如果A改成：

A。The school board ruling mandates that physically handicapped students be placed in regular classroom settings whenever possible also assured all children who have  reading problems

A与B哪个好啊？

wintertrain

一些想法:
似乎ets认为,紧跟做宾语的名词后的who are(have) ;that are(do);which are等定语修饰都是不简洁的形式.一般被过去分词;形容词;介词等形式代替.而名词做主语时无此规律.
但如果修饰n后面that从句中n不做主语成分,则更倾向that修饰.
对否?请各位nn指正.

sunnybyy

如果A改成：

A。The school board ruling mandates that physically handicapped students be place ...
zhima427 发表于 2012-9-5 06:26

一般认为，ETS不会这样出题，似乎现在的SC很少有就考一个考点的（固定搭配除外），如果就是出现了，本题中的介词短语属于简单形式的，相比之下要比从句简洁，所以我会选WITH介词短语，但是切不可认为所有的介词短语都比从句简洁，要遵循介词短语不能存在复杂结构，如果是复杂结构往往比从句还要wordy，要根据实际情况。题做多了，这种感觉总会有的。

zhima427

介词修饰和从句修饰可能意思上还有区别.你看看OG的这一题:比较B和C的修饰.


141. Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same, all patients receiving hearts or other organs must take antirejection drugs for the rest of their lives.

Unlike transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same
Besides transplants involving identical twins with the same genetic endowment
Unless the transplant involves identical twins who have the same genetic endowment
Aside from a transplant between identical twins with the same genetic endowment
Other than transplants between identical twins, whose genetic endowment is the same
In A and B, the phrases beginning Unlike... and Besides... modify patients, the subject of the main clause; thus A absurdly states that Unlike transplants ..., patients... must take ... drugs, and B that all patients except for transplants... must take ... drugs. In B and D the expression identical twins with the same genetic endowment wrongly suggests that only some identical twin pairs are genetically identical. In E, the construction Other than transplants..., all patients ... must take... drugs illogically suggests, as in B, that some patients are transplants. Choice C, the best answer, solves these problems by using a clause introduced by Unless to describe the exception to the rule and a nonrestrictive clause beginning with who to describe the characteristic attributed to all identical twins.

zhima427

读了OG的这个解释后,如果A改后,可能还是A好.它是针对所有的人,而with是限制的.

julia_juer

A同样是限定性定语从句，也是限定的，这里all children who have problems/with problems我觉得意思区别不是很大，而且也没有歧义，在这种情况下，介词短语优先。

说到OG的141解释，我觉得可能也没有错误，但是运用到本题似乎有些问题，因为who have problems不可能是指all children，而是all children中的have problems的人，是限定性的。其实我觉得141最好的形式是WHO前面有个逗号，变成了非限定性的从句，修饰所有的双胞胎。

ShirleyWong

其实我觉得141最好的形式是WHO前面有个逗号，变成了非限定性的从句，修饰所有的双胞胎。

GG说得有理啊。如果没加逗号，总是怪怪的。OG的解释说不通啊。

lucifercaters

这个点是挺难的，貌似在gmat中限定性从句和非限定性从句的区分是有争议的（参见manhattan that/ which的用法）
但是在gmat中with的用法是没有争议的，with后的n只能是与之前主语相关的东西。（这也就是为什么with结构很容易错的原因）