现在分词和过去分词做修饰成分的区别

franceeguan

39.   Scientists have recently discovered what could be the largest and oldest living organism on Earth, a giant fungus that is an interwoven filigree of mushrooms and rootlike tentacles spawned by a single fertilized spore some 10,000 years ago and extending for more than 30 acres in the soil of a Michigan forest.

(A) extending

(B) extends

(C) extended

(D) it extended

(E) is extending

C     Extended looks parallel to spawned, but this phrase would mean that the fungus extended only in the past when the fungus clearly lives on in the present

鄙人对 OG的这个解释 有疑问?  难道说若 EXTEND 这个动作发生在 过去就应该使用 extended 吗?

感觉不是由这种方式决定的, 是不是从逻辑主语, 主被动的角度考虑会更好些??

现在分词 和 过去分词 做修饰语 表达的意思究竟有什么不同, 它们的使用又是由什么决定的呢?? 望哪位NN 指点指点

另外本人 还有关于 连词+ 分词 的一点疑问, 望高手赐教

9.     Sunspots, vortices of gas associated with strong electromagnetic activity, are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on the Sun’s poles or equator.

(A) are visible as dark spots on the surface of the Sun but have never been sighted on

(B) are visible as dark spots that never have been sighted on the surface of the Sun

(C) appear on the surface of the Sun as dark spots although never sighted at

(D) appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun, although never having been sighted at

(E) appear as dark spots on the Sun’s surface, which have never been sighted on

C     Although typically introduces a subordinate clause, which has a subject and a verb, but here there is no subject and sighted is not a complete verb

D     Although usually introduces a subordinate clause, but there is no subject of the clause and having been sighted is not a complete verb phrase

OG 的这个关于 排除 C D 的这2个解释 不正好和下面 这T 相悖吗??

158. With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.
(A) With
(B) As
(C) Being
(D) Despite having
(E) Although accounting for

答案E

鄙人感觉 连词+ 分词 的形式 是可以出现的, 做状语修饰 整个句子

所以请问 C D 2项错在什么地方?   要想把它们改对的话 要怎么表达? 

although 后面的 分词 用  现在分词还是过去分词 是由什么决定的? 逻辑主语吗? 
 

AJingJing

39. 当动作是主动，但是发生在过去，则应该使用that-clause.

9. C  应该是appear as dark spots on the surface of the Sun. 将as dark spots后置，改变了句意，请仔细体会。 sighted过去时，而主句是现在时， 而根据句意是在比较两处地点而不是现在和过去的比较，所以要用同一时态，否则会产生逻辑上的问题。
如果要改， 个人认为可以改成 although have never been sighted

D， although 一般要接句子（有时主从句主语一致的时候，可以省略主语和be动词），having been sighted不是谓语结构。而且分词的现在完成结构是不能做表语的。

158. With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.
(A) With
(B) As
(C) Being
(D) Despite having
(E) Although accounting for

答案E

 这道题我认为 是although 的省略，原句应该为Although (United States citizens are)accounting for...
举个例子， Although tired, she contiues working on her project.

franceeguan

"当动作是主动，但是发生在过去，则应该使用that-clause."

按照楼上兄弟说的, 那下面此T 如何解释?? 望指教:

220 For almost a hundred years after having its begin-ning in 1788, England exiled some 160,000 criminals to Australia.
(A) For almost a hundred years after having its beginning in 1788,

(B) Beginning in 1788 for a period of a hundred years,

(C) Beginning a period of almost a hundred years, in 1788

(D) During a hundred years, a period beginning in 1788,

(E) Over a period of a hundred years beginning in 1788

begin 这个动作是主动, 又发生在过去, 可就是用的present participle

franceeguan

动作是主动，但是发生在过去，则应该使用that-clause

还请问mm 这条规则 是怎么得来的?? 有题目做根据吗??

多谢了

kanstorys

QUOTE:

以下是引用franceeguan在2007-11-14 6:56:00的发言：

158. With only 5 percent of the world's population, United States citizens consume 28 percent of its nonrenewable resources, drive more than one-third of its automobiles, and use 21 times more water per capita than Europeans do.
(A) With
(B) As
(C) Being
(D) Despite having
(E) Although accounting for

答案E

鄙人感觉 连词+ 分词 的形式 是可以出现的, 做状语修饰 整个句子

所以请问 C D 2项错在什么地方?   要想把它们改对的话 要怎么表达? 

although 后面的 分词 用  现在分词还是过去分词 是由什么决定的? 逻辑主语吗? 
 

请用逻辑主语来做题，C D的错误很明显，United States citizens不能be 或者have 5 percent of the world's population，语义逻辑不合理。E是状语从句的省略，省略内容就像icanw mm说的。但有一点，从文中可以体会到进行中的时态，即citizens的数字不是静止的，而是正在形成5% 的世界人口，所以用accounting没有问题

franceeguan

many  thanks !!!!!!!!!